Following the advice of my Yankee forebears, who were usually quite insistent that it is just as easy to be sick while doing something as it is to be laying about in bed, I decided to rouse myself, coughing and sniffling still intact, and have a browse around the blog community.I have been particularly interested over the past days to see numerous articles and comments concerning the celebration of Mass ad orientem. Virtually everything I am reading on the blogs commends this form of the celebration. All the reasons are given as to why this is a good practice. Signs are searched for in the hope that it might be found more frequently. Rejoicing over the altar arrangement seen in the Vatican’s Redemptoris Mater Chapel are being expressed. Some priests are voicing the possibility that they might well try it.
Perhaps I am being naïve in asking my brother priests, “What are you waiting for?” As has been stated by more than one knowledgeable cleric, no special permission is required. The point has been made over and over again that it enhances the devotion of both priest and laity. It is a practical fact that even free-standing altars usually have sufficient room on the west side to celebrate facing east. As I said, perhaps I am being naïve (and I’m sure I’ll be told so if that is the case) but I really don’t understand the hesitation.
When we built our original church in 1987 the sanctuary was designed for an eastward facing altar. The local experts in the worship office told me I couldn’t do that, but I was more brash then, and ignored the wringing of their hands. The archbishop came to dedicate the church and consecrate the altar, and without batting an eye he did so – facing east. Over the course of the twenty years I have been saying Mass at that altar, I have celebrated nearly 15,000 times, every single time ad orientem. Our parish has an extraordinary number of visitors, and only once have I been asked why I am facing in that direction. When I explained, the response was, “that makes sense.” The students in our parish school attend Mass every day and not a single child has expressed any confusion over the position of the celebrant. In fact, visitors at the children’s Mass always marvel, wondering how it is that five hundred children are so attentive and devout.
We have had two cardinals visit the parish, a number of bishops, and innumerable priests. Not one has been anything but positive in his comments about the experience, and in fact the usual statement is, “I am amazed at how much everyone participates!”
Our music is unashamedly traditional. Only men and boys serve at the altar. Incense is used liberally. I don’t think I’ve ever told a joke while in the sanctuary or pulpit. All this means that the most common words I hear from people is, “Well, we certainly know we worshipped God!”
I heartily agree with those who extol the merits of the eastward facing celebration. I encourage those who extol it to do it.
22 comments:
Saying "If we go back to ad orientam people will stop participating" assumes two things:
1)Catholics are so stupid that if the priest turns around we will start banging our heads upon the pews and drooling all over ourselves without the slightest comprehension of what is going on. 2) People are currently participating in the ad populum mass.
Heard you were not feeling well,
So my guardian angel called Saint Raphael.
Along with Mother Mary we did pray
A healing prayer for you this day.
Now Dear Father Phillips we hope that you
Will no longer be feeling blue.
So up you get and blog some more
May sickness never again darken your door.
Thanks for your good wishes, chally!
I'm feeling a bit better, but whatever this is seems to be hanging on for a while longer. Of course, I've always maintained that I'm too mean to ever get really sick.
As an ex-Anglican and monastically recieved CAtgholic I have found site a wonderful encouragement.
Thanks for it and God bless you and your congregation.
Chris
An Orthodox layman here; I'm glad it's worked for 20 years. The orthodox have done it for 2000, so i'm reasonably sure the building won't fall down. Can you think of any reason this causes so many Roman Catholics to act like you've just gotten away with something?
--- bob
Bob -- your point is exactly the point of my post. Ad orientem is the normative position for the Church's celebration of the Liturgy, both in the east and the west. I used our building project of twenty years ago as an example of exactly what you have said: the building hasn't fallen down, people haven't been shocked, and in fact their faith has been enhanced.
A small group of "experts" somehow managed to convince the general Catholic population that "turning the altars around" was required. It never was, and I believe it's time that myth was exploded, and that we simply and quietly return to the normal position for the celebration of the Mass in our parishes.
There is no Latin Rite parish anywhere near where I live that celebrates the mass ad orientem. My family and I instead are attending a Byzantine Catholic church until a Latin Rite parish nearby gets its liturgical act together.
I'm one of those priest who wants to turn the altar around. I just can't do it yet since I am only a parochial vicar and not a pastor. I don't think the majority of the laity would object. I do think, however, a large number of priests would object. There is a lot of talk among our clergy that the Church is going backwards with the liturgy.
I passed on your post to my Catholic relatives and friends among whom are several priests with the following note:
"Much as I love to see the joyously devout faces of our priests as they reverently and humbly celebrate mass, I would much rather focus upon the face and being of Our Lord without the human distractions. And I know that all good Christians would agree."
--John Hetman
Niles, IL
NB Our Des Plaines Carmelite Monastery has ad orientem masses, as always does St. John Cantius--a most lovely church dedicated to the beauty of our liturgical traditions--which means consummate reverence. Chicago is at least graced with alternatives to the Haugen-Haas-Joncas jazz band-liturgical dance--Jay Leno show type of masses invented in the "spirit" of VC II.
I'm not a priest, just a PIP and sometime musician, but I am sure preists are not fearful of the reaction of the faithful as a whole, but of the reactions of
1) their pastors, in the case of associates
2) the chancery, which can make life miserable for those who flout their GroupThink
3)the armies of middle-aged and older, (women, for the most part,) in various middle-management positions, almost all indoctrinated in the post-VCII, lay empowered, everything old is wrong, mindset.
It's not that their numbers are so great, proportionally speaking, it's that THEY DO ALL THE WORK.
And they will probably need to be brought around gradually.
In my parish if the priests began celebrating ad orientem, or using Latin, or asking for only male servers, (not that any of them, alas, are so inclined, to any of these,) it would horrify and even anger a certain number of good, but misguided people.
And some would certainly quit.
The priest might very well have to take over altar decoration, server scheduling, sacristan duties, program typing and printing, making sure of the sign-up for every hour of Exposition, marching the first communicants and the confirmandi through their practices, landscaping the Marian shrine, organizing the anti-abortion prayer vigil...
And wrong, or not, such people's spiritual needs are important, so they probably need to be catechized FIRST.
Obviously Catechesis is a must. And on that note, I wonder if Fr. Philips would be so kind as to reference the sources he has recently been reading. Would any other priest readers (or even lay readers) of this blog be so kind as to point out some good resources or references in this regard. I have already read U.M. Lange's book and that of Msgr. K. Gamber.
Here are two: Cyril Pocknee's *The Christian Altar* (1962) and "Eis anatolas blepsate: Orientation as a Liturgical Principle" by M. J. Moreton, in *Studia Patristica, Volume XVIII in Three Parts* ed. Elizabeth A. Livingstone (Oxford and New York, 1982: Pergamon Press), pp. 575-590.
I attend an Episcopal Parish in NJ that is so old that they have always used the "ad orientem" posture and, for whatever reason, never changed. Of course, the Reader and Pastor face the people for the Scripture readings, the Homily and certain blessings. But when we recite the Litany, the Creed, the Prayers, and celebrate the Lord's Supper then everyone faces towards the altar. The form of the Liturgy is such that there is a very conscious "turning toward the Lord". In this one gesture I am instantly mindful that we stand before the Divine Majesty who is larger than ourselves and even the Church building. I know that most Episcopalians and Catholics have changed this. But I'm glad our own parish never went along. I think this is a case where the ancient practice has the genius of worship on its side and contemporary changes don't really make an improvement. I wouldn't want to say that it is wrong for Churches to use either practice. I'm surprised that there is so much resentment with Churches that prefer facing toward the altar!
Yes, catechesis is essential, certainly. I would hope this has already started in those places with priests (especially pastors) who understand the benefits of restoring the ad orientem celebration of the Mass.
But ultimately, at some point, it simply needs to be done. Perhaps a good start is with one of the weekday Masses and moving on from there.
Our clergy are supposed to be our leaders, and I think it is essential for us to lead, even if there is a little grumbling from a few. There have been plenty of instances in my own family experiences when my children didn't particularly want to do something that I knew would be beneficial to us as a family. But I'm the father, and have the responsibility of making the best decision for my family. That's part of the father's vocation and task.
Father Phillips,
I am a parent of one of those 500 children who attend the Atonement Academy. Our inquiring child has indeed questioned us about why the alter faces East and about Holy Communion.
She has also expressed her curiousity to our Pastor, who lovingly responded "In our Father's House there are many mansions".
The differences in style are stark, so her questions have merit. We welcome her WHY questions and strive to teach her respect and love.
Peace
Yes, anonymous, questions are extremely important, just as are the complete and honest answers to them. It's essential to education, as well as to intellectual and spiritual growth.
I have two parishes, both oriented the same way -- the apse is to the west, so as I offer Mass now, facing the people is also facing (geographic) east. So how does that work?
I have two parishes, both oriented the same way -- the apse is to the west, so as I offer Mass now, facing the people is also facing (geographic) east. So how does that work?
I have read this question before - as to the actual geographic direction one is facing when serving in churches that are not built with an eastward orientation. I think that is a good question.
But it occurs to me that one of the earliest explinations I got as a young Byzantine Catholic for why our parish priest faced "away from us" whereas my parochial school priest (Roman Catholic) "faced us" didn't address "facing east".
(Although that is certainly a valid explination!)
Rather I was told that in our parish the priest is facing the tabernacle where Jesus is just like the rest of us and in his priestly office he is leading us in prayer as we are all facing Jesus in the tabernacle.
While it may be the case that a church building or altar might be oriented South, West or North, doesn't it seem to remain a legitimate liturgical posture and positioning to fisrt be concearned with the entire congregation - priest and laity - facing the altar? This of course might be a poor understanding on my part, but it does lead to a valid question!
(This also occurs to me because I have never heard of an Eastern Christian parish - Catholic or Orthodox - where priests "face the congregation" because it puts him then in the position of facing "geographic East"... Of course I have NEVER heard of a priest standing to the left or right of the altar while the congregation faces north or south, not being flip, just making an observation...)
Interestingly, archeologists have uncovered evidence that some Israelite synagoges (which always had Eastward orientation to reflect facing Jerusalem) in antiquity south of Jerusalem were oriented NORTH to face in the direction of the city which was north of them - an instance where a geographical reality took precedent over a symbolic gesture...
So could it be the case that facing "a spiritual East" takes precedent over facing a "actualy geographic east"?
A Simple Sinner
What is meant by facing East should not be understood as geographical. This is something that Fr. Lang speaks about in great detail.
In the Early Church churches were constructed facing the East and the Mass was celebrated with the priest and congregation facing the same direction. This rule was not held to during the building of Saint Peter's in Rome, which faces West. This why Mass at Saint Peter's has always been celebrated 'ad populum' but not for the sake of being celebrated toward the people, but in order to be 'ad orientem' facing East. This was the case with Saint Peter's, but that rule did not apply to all churches around the world. After the Council of Trent the position was adopted that the church did not have to be facing geographical East, but there is a 'Liturgical' East, which the celebrant and congregation face together. This, is why many old churches face West, there were many side altars in these churches facing many different directions, but the Mass was always understood as the people and priest going towards the Lord.
None of this has anything to do with the tabernacle. The tabernacle was place in the center because there was a need to stress the kingship of Christ and his true presence in the Blessed Sacrament after the Protestant revolt. The Mass is not celebrated towards the tabernacle, it just happens to be that the tabernacle is there.
very insightful! Thank you!
I always say, just like Da Vinci's Last Supper -- we're all on the same side of the table facing the same way! Bless you for your witness and going against the novel flow to join the great stream....
Fr T
This is a wonderful truth, the church is a beautiful place and the worship is glorious!
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